Desalination
What is desalination?
The simplest way to define desalination is to separate salts from water.
If you take a glass of drinking water, you can very easily add a spoon of salt into the water same as if you happened to add a spoon of sugar into your cup of tea. However, after adding a spoon of salt, if someone asked you to take out the salt from that very glass of water, that would nearly be impossible; I don’t think anybody can do it that easily. This very process is what we call ‘desalination’ - removing salts from water. Technically we have several desalination techniques by which we can separate the salts from water. These techniques are as effective as the natural process of rain.
Earth is a hydrological planet where water is abundantly available, but the excessive presence of salts make it undrinkable. Certainly, nature made a global arrangement to get drinkable water for most of the living creature on the earth. The process can be expressed in a simple manner here that water evaporates from the surface of the water to form clouds, which is taken into the atmosphere of the earth resulting rain, snow or hailing back to the earth. It’s a very strange beneficial fact that all of these forms of precipitation are free from salts and can be used for agriculture without any problem, and they can also be used for domestic purposes such as drinking, washing clothes, after adjusting its quality as per international drinking water standard for safe drinking.
Before we discuss the desalination process it would be quite relevant to know about water and some of its peculiar properties which certainly help us to understand this process better.
Water is a gift of Nature which is abundantly and enormously available on our planet in liquid, solid and gaseous state. Water is the most important and essential part of life no one can think to live without. It is the foundation of our growth. That is why we say that water is life, and there’s no life without water. The scientists made many experiments and came to the conclusion that it is true that life came into being in the water. In one water handbook of NALCO, scientists found a fossil of Algae worth 2 billion years old and they assume it to be the beginning of life. Fun fact, there was also a picture in that book taken from electron microscope with 0.2 million times magnification. Water is an essential part of life for almost all living species present on the earth and agriculture to grow food and fruits along with so many things required for our daily life. Water also plays a very important part in our environmental and physical conditions like formation and decaying process of the earth.
If you take a glass of drinking water, you can very easily add a spoon of salt into the water same as if you happened to add a spoon of sugar into your cup of tea. However, after adding a spoon of salt, if someone asked you to take out the salt from that very glass of water, that would nearly be impossible; I don’t think anybody can do it that easily. This very process is what we call ‘desalination’ - removing salts from water. Technically we have several desalination techniques by which we can separate the salts from water. These techniques are as effective as the natural process of rain.
Earth is a hydrological planet where water is abundantly available, but the excessive presence of salts make it undrinkable. Certainly, nature made a global arrangement to get drinkable water for most of the living creature on the earth. The process can be expressed in a simple manner here that water evaporates from the surface of the water to form clouds, which is taken into the atmosphere of the earth resulting rain, snow or hailing back to the earth. It’s a very strange beneficial fact that all of these forms of precipitation are free from salts and can be used for agriculture without any problem, and they can also be used for domestic purposes such as drinking, washing clothes, after adjusting its quality as per international drinking water standard for safe drinking.
Before we discuss the desalination process it would be quite relevant to know about water and some of its peculiar properties which certainly help us to understand this process better.
Water is a gift of Nature which is abundantly and enormously available on our planet in liquid, solid and gaseous state. Water is the most important and essential part of life no one can think to live without. It is the foundation of our growth. That is why we say that water is life, and there’s no life without water. The scientists made many experiments and came to the conclusion that it is true that life came into being in the water. In one water handbook of NALCO, scientists found a fossil of Algae worth 2 billion years old and they assume it to be the beginning of life. Fun fact, there was also a picture in that book taken from electron microscope with 0.2 million times magnification. Water is an essential part of life for almost all living species present on the earth and agriculture to grow food and fruits along with so many things required for our daily life. Water also plays a very important part in our environmental and physical conditions like formation and decaying process of the earth.
Water on Earth:
The total quantity of water on our planet approximately 326,000,000 miles or 1,360,000,000 km. The detail as under:
Ocean: ……………………………316,900,000 miles (1,320,000,000 km) 97.2%
Snow and glaciers:……………… 6,000,000 miles (25,000,000 km) 1.8%
Ground water:…………………… 3,000,000 miles (13,000,000 km) 0.9%
Sweet water in lakes,rivers and wells:...........60,000 miles (250.000 km) 0.02%
Atmospheric water vapors all around the sphere:..3,100miles (13,000 km) 0.001%
The Water Cycle
Water as we know it, that major deposit found in sea where it evaporates forming the clouds which fly in the air and then back to liquid in form as rain as far as hundreds and thousands of miles away from the sea where earth needs a lot of water for agricultural and several other purposes like production of electricity, drinking / general home uses and several processes in industries. Then it becomes a different type of waste which after treatment finally go back to sea. Some water also remains as snow, underground as aquifers, surface water, and vapor in the atmosphere which commonly directly or indirectly is connected to the sea. This is called as water hydrol.
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